VISTA may significantly inhibit the production of cytokines like TNF-α and IFN-γ; it can also cooperate with PD-L1 in CD8+ T-cell inhibition, and the co-inhibition of PD1/PD-L1 and VISTA may help restore the function of T cells in pancreatic cancer [76]. Here, CD274 is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.