CD274 and pleural mesothelioma: In all types of malignant mesothelioma, the survival analysis shows that VISTA is an independent favorable prognostic factor (P = 0.008); these results are confirmed by a multivariate survival analysis (P = 0.014, 95% CI = 1.25–7.72) [101], especially, in pleural mesothelioma, VISTA expression predicts the favorable prognosis but PD-L1 expression predicts the worse (P = 0.001, P = 0.002, respectively), but the expression of PD-L1 is infrequent, which may induce the insensitivity of pleural mesothelioma patients to anti-PD-L1 treatment [102].