Compared to those without NAFLD, patients with hepatic steatosis alone and those with hepatic steatosis and coexisting significant fibrosis had lower high-molecular-weight adiponectin levels (5.5 [IQR 2.3–7.6] vs. 2.4 [1.8–3.7] vs. 1.6 [1.0–2.9] μg/mL; p < 0.001). The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is fatty liver disease.