AKT1 and renal cell carcinoma: Mutations in the PI3K/AKT pathway, and low expression of PTEN and TP53 levels are also predictive of poor anti-EGFR efficacy.128–130 PI3K inhibitors and mTOR inhibitors are the two main targeted therapies directed against the PI3K/AKT pathway that have been used in renal cell carcinoma or in breast cancer, yet their use in CRC has not been well established, requiring further evaluation in clinical trials.131–134