Additional studies underlined a potential pro-tumoral and pro-metastatic role of IL1 acting on the endothelial cells and on the invasive potential of cancer cells (49, 70, 71); moreover, IL1-producing monocytes and macrophages or IL1-dependent myeloid-derived suppressor cells were scrutinized for their role in shaping a protumor immune microenvironment in mice (21, 27, 72). Here, IL1B is linked to cancer.