EMPA was found to enhance hepatic macrophage autophagy by enhancing the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the IL-17/IL-23 inflammatory axis, alleviating inflammation, and significantly improving liver injury in T2DM mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (Meng et al., 2021). The gene discussed is MTOR; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.