PTEN and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: To date, molecular biomarkers for prognosis such as carbonic anhydrase IX (CaIX), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), Ki-67, p53, p21 [26], PTEN, CXCR4 [27], and PD-L1 [28] have been investigated, but there has no recommended prognostic model of molecular biomarkers for localized ccRCC.