LCN2 and acute respiratory distress syndrome: Puerarin (PUE) (Xu et al., 2021a), silencing or knockdown of mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) (Chen et al., 2022), lipocalin-2 (Wang et al., 2022b) and Jumonji domain-containing 3 (JMJD3) (Peng et al., 2021), and electroacupuncture (EA) (Zhang et al., 2022) presented novel targets for the treatment of LPS-induced ALI/ARDS.