IGF1 and gestational diabetes: As it is shown in several clinical studies, GDM has been associated with high concentrations of numerous hormones, such as insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1, an essential hormone for intrauterine and postnatal growth and development), insulin; and other molecules with endogenous functions, e.g., glucose, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, lipids, etc. (13).