Therefore, we summarized the latest hyperuricemia- and gout-associated genetic loci identified in the Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative (GBMI) and elucidated the comprehensive potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of these gene variants in hyperuricemia and gout based on genetic perspectives, in terms of mechanisms affecting uric acid excretion and reabsorption, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, and nod-like receptor pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and inflammatory pathways. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is gout.