1) Clinically, over a dozen loss-of-function KCC2 mutations in humans have been linked to epilepsies (Kahle et al., 2014b; Puskarjov et al., 2014; Stödberg et al., 2015; Saitsu et al., 2016; Saito et al., 2017), and resected tissue from epileptic patients has shown electrophysiological and protein expression-level abnormalities consistent with diminished KCC2 function (Huberfeld et al., 2007; Munakata et al., 2007). Here, SLC12A5 is linked to epilepsy.