ASCVD: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; ACS: acute coronary syndromes; ACR: albumin-to-creatinine ratio: (to convert mg/g to mg/mmol: divide by 10); CKD: chronic kidney disease; CTA: computed tomography angiography; DM: diabetes mellitus; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; TIA: transient ischaemic attack; TOD: target organ damage; PAD: peripheral artery disease; SCORE: Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation; SCORE2: Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation 2; SCORE2-OP: Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation Older Persons. Here, ALB is linked to peripheral arterial disease.