In the absence of ICOOH, challenge infection (NC group) with E. maxima increased the gene expression of IFN-γ (p < 0.001, 1.2 × 10−4 to 4.5 × 10−3) and IL-10 (p = 0.012, 3.2 × 10−4 to 1.8 × 10−3) in the distal jejunum compared to that of the CON group (Figures 6E, F). Here, IL10 is linked to infection.