Since the Ig isotypes showed varied prognostic values in ESCC, we further assessed the ratio of isotype-specific plasma cells to non-plasma cells with multivariable Cox proportional-hazards regression and found that IgG1/3/4 expressing plasma cells had a neutral effect on prognosis, but high levels of IgG2-expressing plasma cells, determined by the ratio of IGHG2 to MS4A1(IGHG2 ratio), was strongly associated with better survival (HR: 0.40, Figure 6B). The gene discussed is MS4A1; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.