In the non-TB group, anemia appeared not to be significantly linked to levels of inflammatory cytokines, except for IL-6 levels which were increased in anemic participants, with a median of 2.45 pg/mL (IQR:1.68-3.64) in comparison to levels in non-anemic participants (2.14 [IQR:1.29-2.63], p = 0.046) (Figure 1B; Supplementary Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and anemia (phenotype).