ERBB3 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: However, when the period from seroconversion to clinical T1D is observed, the ERBB3 risk allele A shows effects in opposite directions between the IAA-first and GADA-first subgroups, with a significant risk effect in the GADA-first group and a protective suggestive effect (non-corrected p <0.05) in the IAA-first subgroup.