Choi et al. [50] reviewed preoperative MRI images (CE-T1WI, T2WI, and T2-FLAIR) of 1166 patients with gliomas (grade II-IV) and established a fully automated model that comprised a CNN for tumor segmentation (Model 1) and CNN-based classifier for IDH status prediction (Model 2) that used a hybrid approach based on 2D tumor images and radiomics features from 3D tumor shape and loci guided by Model 1. Here, IDH1 is linked to central nervous system cancer.