CCL2 and cancer: Cancer-associated fibroblasts are characterized by increased NF-κB expression and the secretion of TGF-β, IL-6, MCP-1, and MMPs [71,169,170], whereas mesenchymal cells arising from EMT tumors in vivo showed higher degrees of plasticity and multipotencyand lower DNA methylation; some may acquire the genetic expression profile related to the cancer stem cells [19].