Several genome-wide studies have reported that the existence of multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes such as patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein-3 (PNPLA3) is independently correlated with the development and severity of NAFLD as well as an increased risk of HCC in NAFLD patients [62]. The gene discussed is PNPLA3; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.