Although CXCL1, also known as melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (MGSA) and growth-regulated (or -related) oncogene-α (Gro-α), is one of the most studied CXC motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) receptor ligands, there is a lack of reviews summarizing the accumulated knowledge about this chemokine. The gene discussed is CXCL1; the disease is melanoma.