Both IL-15 and JAK-1 were significantly upregulated among astrocytes exposed to NMO sera compared to HCs (IL-15: 185.8 ± 13.4 nCounts vs. 137.6 ± 24.7 nCounts; JAK-1: 4356.9 ± 175.1 nCounts vs. 3818.1 ± 130.02 nCounts). The gene discussed is JAK1; the disease is neuromyelitis optica.