Owing to the diversity of oxytocin and the expression of its receptor, the dysregulation of oxytocin is proposed as a candidate for pathophysiology and novel intervention in the treatment of conditions as apparently diverse as autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, postpartum depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorders, addiction, pain, metabolic disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases [215]. The gene discussed is OXT; the disease is autism spectrum disorder.