BMP4 and tibia fracture: In addition to those, it was reported that gene expression of BMP-2, BMP-4, and BMP-7 was significantly upregulated during fracture healing in a rat tibia fracture model [49], and BMPs reportedly suppress the expression of muscle-related genes, including myogenin and certain muscle kinases, and stimulate the expression of osteoblastic marker genes in the myogenic C2C12 cell line [50,51].