In a recent study, Cockey et al. (2021) used AAV to express recombinant IL-10 and its immunosuppressive variant I87A (vIL-10) in a mouse model of synucleinopathy and showed that sustained intraspinal expression of both IL-10 forms resulted in shorter lifespan, associated with increased microgliosis, neuronal autophagy dysfunction, accelerated α-syn pathology, and increased apoptosis [344]. The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is synucleinopathy.