Interestingly, Peli1 has been found to have a role in B cell autoantibody production in systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis, where via serving as an E3 ubiquitin ligase of NIK, it controlled Lys48-linked ubiquitination of NIK and subsequently noncanonical NF-κB activation [11]. The gene discussed is PELI1; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.