STAT3 and renal cell carcinoma: Gao et al. [57] observed that when used alone against 786-O and Caki-1 RCC cell lines, hispidulin inhibited proliferation by increasing G0-G1 phase arrest, decreasing G2 phase, increasing caspase-3 activity, and downregulating Bcl-2, survivin and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3).