Investigation of protein complexes using approaches such as proximity ligation assays, in the context of inhibition of ILK, demonstrates that, in breast and prostate cancer cells, ILK interacts with β1-integrin, NHE1, and the scaffold proteins p-ezrin and NHERF1 to form a β1-integrin/ILK/p-ezrin/NHE1/p-NHERF1 complex to regulate NHE1-mediated ECM proteolysis and cell invasion, promoting an invasive phenotype [25]. Here, SLC9A1 is linked to prostate carcinoma.