In the NOA-08 trial, elderly patients with high-grade gliomas with MGMT promoter methylation displayed a longer progression-free survival when treated with TMZ alone compared with radiotherapy alone (8.4 versus 4.6 months), whereas patients with unmethylated tumors had a longer progression-free survival with radiotherapy alone compared with TMZ alone (4.6 versus 3.3 months) [32]. The gene discussed is MGMT; the disease is central nervous system cancer.