PFKFB3 and small cell lung carcinoma: In conclusion, we confirmed that either genetic downregulation or pharmacological inhibition of PFKFB3 exhibited anti-glycolytic effect in SCLC CSC cells and further demonstrated that the antitumor activities is associated with loss of pluripotency and drug efflux, impaired cell invasion and apoptosis in SCLC tumor models (Fig. 8).