Extracellular acidosis also suppresses T cell cytotoxicity, reduces the expression of IL-6, CCL2 and TNF-α in M1-like macrophages, but increases the expression of CD163, CD206 and Arg-1 in M2-like macrophages, other anti-cancer immune cells like NK and DC cells dysfunction likewise after sensing high level lactate in TME [27]. Here, TNF is linked to cancer.