Also, we discussed whether sevoflurane-alleviated LPS-induced cytotoxicity and ALI by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway in vitro and in vivo, and the results expectedly showed that sevoflurane rescued cell viability in the LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells by activating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway to eliminate ROS generation. This evidence concerns the gene KEAP1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.