There is a slim possibility that the non-canonical NF-κB activation signaling pathway is involved in the neuroinflammation development in the neurodegenerative disorders; however, one study reported that both canonical and non-canonical NF-κB activation signaling pathways were induced in the substantia nigra of MPTP-treated PD mice (Mitra et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and Parkinson disease.