Studies indicate that GLP-1RAs affect the RAAS, nervous system, and atrial natriuretic peptide to reduce inflammatory response, inhibit oxidative stress, modulate advanced glycation endoproducts (AGEs) due to their renal protective roles.15-17 In DN patients, glycolipid metabolism, biochemical variations, and hemodynamic alterations may induce inflammatory response. The gene discussed is NPPA; the disease is liver dysplastic nodule.