Notably, S. pneumoniae usually infects nervous system to cause fatal bacterial meningitis, and the course of the infection could be affected by hypoxia and HIF-1.216 Hypoxia is the hallmark of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.217 Therefore, hypoxia signaling might be closely associated with the occurrence and progression of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Here, HIF1A is linked to bacterial meningitis.