The associations of KIV with steatosis grade and NASH, and the BCKA/BCAA ratio with NASH, were maintained when a multivariate statistical model that considered BMI, sex, age, HbA1c, ALT, AST, GGT, PNPLA3 Ile148Met genotype, and study batch was applied (Table 2). The gene discussed is PNPLA3; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.