Specifically, higher levels of KIV and larger BCKA/BCAA ratios were associated with higher steatosis grade (OR [95% CI], 1.2 [1.1–1.3], P = 1.1 × 10–4 and OR [95% CI], 1.5 [1.2–1.9], P = 2.9 × 10–4, respectively) and increased risk of NASH (OR [95% CI], 1.2 [1.1–1.3], P = 4.0 × 10–4 and OR [95% CI], 2.0 [1.5–2.7], P = 3.0 × 10–6, respectively). Here, ARID4B is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.