As shown in the Figure 6, compared with DC vaccine loaded with PD-L1 alone, the MSLN-PDL1-GMCSF vaccine inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells more effectively, and obtained a more pronounced survival benefit, which probably because blocking the PD-1 and PD-L1 restores the anti-tumor effect of T cells in the tumor microenvironment, thus reversing the “cold” state of the tumor. Here, CD274 is linked to lung carcinoma.