It seems that at resting states, the levels of MAVS-K63-linked ubiquitination remain low by OTUD3, while upon viral infection, OTUD3 is inactivated by SIRT1-mediated K129 deacetylation, allowing for the buildup of K63-linked ubiquitination of MAVS for its activation (158). This evidence concerns the gene MAVS and viral infectious disease.