Similarly, interferon induces expression of RNF122 (128) and RNF125 (129) to ubiquitinate and degrade RIG-I/MDA5, triggers TRIM13 synthesis to degrade MDA5 (147), or promotes RNF5 (168) and MARCH5 (162, 163) expression to degrade MAVS, all leading to inactivation of RNA sensing signaling after viral infection. Here, MARCHF5 is linked to viral infectious disease.