ATF3 and neoplasm: ATF3, which regulates CCL4 expression, was reported to be induced by ER stress26 that is regulated by SCD1.10 Thus, we evaluated the status of ER stress in the tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and found that administration of the SCD1 inhibitor reduced the expression of ATF3 (figure 4A, lower panel) accompanied by a reduction of ER stress-related molecules such as ratio of spliced Xbp1 (sXbp1; active isoform)/unspliced Xbp1 (uXbp1), Ddit3, Hspa5 (BiP), Atf4 and Atf6 (figure 4E lower panel), indicating that SCD1 inhibition reduced various ER stress pathways in CD8+ T cells.