VCAM1 and cancer: While ECs are present in the blood and lymphatic vessels, and lining their innermost layer promotes selective permeable exchange between the blood and tissue, tumor‐associated ECs (TECs) have been shown to secrete many soluble factors, also called “angiocrine” [VEGFA, basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF), platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF), Jagged 1⁄2, and nitric oxide (NO), E‐selectins, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 [ICAM‐1], and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM‐1)], to promote tumorigenicity and therapeutic resistance in many cancers including CRC [140].