TGFB1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Another study on the regulation of type-I autoimmune diabetes mellitus (T1DM) showed that AD-MSC-derived exosomes ameliorated T1DM symptoms by upregulating the expression of regulatory T cells, interleukin 4 (IL 4), IL 10 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and down-regulating IL 17 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) [82].