• The PAM pathway has been shown to beactivated in90% of all GBM.229,230 The outcomes of some studiesrevealed that the PI3K signaling cascade regulates the motility ofdifferentiated GBM cells and has only a marginal effect on their survivalwhen subjected to combination treatment with a chemotherapeutic agent.231 In light of these findings, pan-PI3K inhibitors,isoform-selective and dual PI3K/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)inhibitors, were exhaustively explored in the recent past in GBM,and optimistic results were attained. The gene discussed is PIK3CA; the disease is glioblastoma.