Srivastava et al. (2017) findings implied that cytokine/chemokine regulatory networks in TLE+HS are altered differently. Reduced frequency of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-4 in CD8+ T lymphocytes of TLE+HS patients was observed (Rosa et al., 2016). Note that the occurrence of febrile seizures did not affect the expression of cytokines and chemokines in TLE+HS patients (Aulická et al., 2022). Here, TNF is linked to Febrile seizure (within the age range of 3 months to 6 years).