CCL5 and neoplasm: Blocking the CCL5/CCR5 axis induced decreased endothelial cell migration, which was related to decreased activity of the mTOR /Akt pathway, while CCL5 promoted tumor angiogenesis through the PKC δ/c-Src/HIF-1 α/VEGF signaling pathway (Wang et al., 2015a; Sax et al., 2016).