For example, it has been reported that negative regulation of Nrf2 is implicated in the pathogenesis of maculopathy (Datta et al., 2017; Bellezza, 2018; Hyttinen et al., 2019), and mice deficient in Nrf2 have been shown to exhibit retinal alterations similar to AMD (Zhao et al., 2014; Rowan et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and age-related macular degeneration.