ACTA1 and acute kidney injury: Compared with controls, α-SMA expression in the CA-AKI group was significantly increased on Days 1 (p = 0.004), 3 (p = 0.001), 7 (p = 0.001), and 13 (p < 0.001); yet compared with CA-AKI group, renal α-SMA level in the CA-AKI + Fasudil group was significantly lower on Days 1 (p = 0.022), 3 (p = 0.002), 7 (p = 0.007), and 13 (p < 0.0001) (Figure 11D).