Children born to GDM mothers had higher insulin level (54.3 vs. 42.5 pmol/L, p=0.02), higher SBP (mean difference: 5.96; 2.10-9.82) and higher insulin resistance (2.0 vs. 1.6, p=0.02) than those born to non-GDM mothers.Children born to GDM mothers had higher cardia output (0.49, 0.26-0.72), stroke volume 3.98 (2.00, 5.97) and lower total peripheral resistance (-114; -220~-9), compared with those born to non-GDM mothers. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is gestational diabetes.