However, the deletion of either FOXO1 or KLF5 in T1DM mice does not affect the expression of PPARα-target genes, and therefore, the amelioration of cardiac dysfunction in diabetic αMHC-FOXO1−/− and αMHC-KLF5−/− mice appears to be independent of PPARα and its target genes (58). This evidence concerns the gene PPARA and type 1 diabetes mellitus.