SPHK1 and central nervous system cancer: In addition to IL-1, EGFR, a well-described oncogenic driver in GBM, has also been described as a modulator of SPHK1 activity in glioma spheres since EGFR inhibition leads to a decrease in angiogenesis, cell viability and increases apoptosis in GBM9 cell lines (Estrada-Bernal et al., 2011), while also increasing ceramide levels (SPHK1’s precursor molecule) (Kapitonov et al., 2009; Abuhusain et al., 2013).