Interestingly, however, it was found that Hsp70 released from necrotic Kupffer cells along with HMGB1 in a murine model of hepatocellular carcinoma, does not directly bind to TREM-1, suggesting that HMGB1 may have a stronger affinity and compete for binding on TREM-1 (42). Here, TREM1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.