Alternative macrophage activation via interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-13, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-1 results in the tumor-supportive phenotype characterized by macrophage production of high amounts of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β (23). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.