The polymorphism of the XBP1 (−116C/G) promoter was investigated in relation to ischemic stroke, atherosclerosis, and hyperhomocysteinemia in human patients, and the XBP1 (−116 G/G) genotype was found to be a risk factor for pediatric ischemic stroke (Yilmaz et al., 2010). This evidence concerns the gene XBP1 and hyperhomocysteinemia.